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Salon (Paris)
The Salon ((フランス語:Salon)), or rarely Paris Salon (French: ''Salon de Paris''), beginning in 1667〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britannica.com/art/Salon-French-art-exhibition )〕 was the official art exhibition of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art event in the Western world. At the 1761 Salon, thirty-three painters, nine sculptors, and eleven engravers contributed.〔Levey, Michael. (1993) ''Painting and sculpture in France 1700-1789''. New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 3. ISBN 0300064942〕 From 1881 onward, it has been managed by the Société des Artistes Français.
== Origins ==
In 1667, the royally sanctioned French institution of art patronage, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture〔 (a division of the Académie des beaux-arts), held its first semi-public art exhibit at the Salon Carré. The Salon's original focus was the display of the work of recent graduates of the École des Beaux-Arts, which was created by Cardinal Mazarin, chief minister of France, in 1648. Exhibition at the Salon de Paris was essential for any artist to achieve success in France for at least the next 200 years. Exhibition in the Salon marked a sign of royal favor.
In 1725, the Salon was held in the Palace of the Louvre, when it became known as ''Salon'' or ''Salon de Paris''. In 1737, the exhibitions, held from 18 August 1737 to 5 September 1737 at the Grand Salon of the Louvre,〔“Public Access to Art in Paris: A Documentary History from the Middle Ages to 1800,” by Robert W. Berger, pg. 171.〕 became public. They were held, at first, annually, and then biennially, in odd-numbered years. They would start on the feast day of St. Louis (25 August) and run for some weeks. Once made regular and public, the Salon's status was "never seriously in doubt" (Crow, 1987). In 1748 a jury of awarded artists was introduced. From this time forward, the influence of the Salon was undisputed.
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